(Spoilers for all JP/W movies out by now, and miscellaneous other JP/W media)
- The "Velociraptors" in Jurassic Park being actually based on Utahraptor, not Velociraptor.
Half correct. They're not based on Velociraptor in anything but name, but the raptor they're mostly modeled after is Deinonychus. While doing research for the novel the first movie is based on (released in 1990), Michael Crichton referenced a source that called Deinonychus antirrhopus "Velociraptor antirrhopus", and though knowing about it being classified differently elsewhere, he kept the name because it sounded more dramatic. For the same reason the JP raptors are bigger than the more turkey-sized Deinonychus, as an artistic liberty to make them scarier.
The first specimens of Utahraptor were found in 1975, and further remains including a sickle claw were found in 1991, but the genus wasn't named and didn't gain much publicity until June 1993, around the time the first Jurassic Park movie came out.
Utahraptor has been featured in the JP/W series some, from the beginning as a distinct creature from the series' version of Velociraptor, including getting its own figure in the toy lines for both of the first two movies, and (Trespasser spoilers) the huge raptor in Trespasser being implied to be a Utahraptor. It's entirely possible it has been part of the inspiration for JP/W Velociraptors in media made after the first movie, its discovery certainly didn't go unnoticed by the people making that media.
Image source: JP wiki
Anatomically, however, the JP/W Velociraptors are based on reconstructions of Deinonychus thought to be accurate in the 1990's, though later discoveries have updated our understanding of the actual animal. Utahraptor was bigger than JP/W Velociraptors, and more robustly built (just how robustly wasn't known at the time, but those earlier, more gracile depictions of Utahraptor in both popular media and paleoart were also modeled after Deinonychus except in size).
- Oil being made of dinosaurs.
It's made of fossilized plankton and algae.
- All dinosaurs being extinct.
All non-avian dinosaurs are extinct. Some of the avian ones, too, but many more species live on today alongside us - in fact there are more dinosaur species known that are still extant than there are extant mammal ones. What are avian dinosaurs? Birds.
As a clade of organisms includes all of it’s members' lineal descendants, and birds are descended from dinosaurs, birds are members of the clade Dinosauria and are dinosaurs themselves.
- All dinosaurs not being extinct because lizards.
Present-day lizards are not descended from dinosaurs, they diverged into distinct clades before dinosaurs evolved into existence.
- The domestic chicken being the closest living relative of dinosaurs, or of T. rex in particular / T. rex being an ancestor of birds, or of chickens in particular.
They're fun species to compare, because of how opposite our mental image of each is (or sometimes less fun, when those opposite mental images are used as propaganda to try to convince people birds can't possibly be related to dinosaurs). However, all living birds are the closest living relatives of Mesozoic dinosaurs. T. rex is more closely related to modern birds than some other non-avian dinosaurs are, due to both birds and T. rex being theropods and coelurosaurs, but many other coelurosaurs are related to modern-day birds more closely than tyrannosaurs are.
Birds are also not descended from giant dinosaurs like T. rex, but from small theropods that lived alongside them already before the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event that wiped out non-avian dinosaurs, and some of which could already be called birds themselves. T. rex and present-day birds have a common ancestor, so they're more like cousins than one being the other's grandparent.
- Raptors being extremely social and hunting in packs.
In Jurassic Park/World, the animal known as Velociraptor in the alternate universe that this story takes place in certainly does (and don't get me started on wondering about their social behavior in minute detail, lol). This is not necessarily true for real deinonychosaurs (the clade consisting of dromaeosaurids and troodontids, colloquially known as "raptors", not to be confused with avian raptors like hawks, owls, and eagles. The name comes from the same "fearsome claw" Deinonychus is named for, so, basically, a more precise way of saying "the dinos with the sickle claw").
The pack hunting of the Jurassic Park raptors originates from an interpretation of fossils of Deinonychus, where several specimens were found in close proximity to both each other and a Tenontosaurus they are assumed to have been hunting. Whether this was a common occurrence for the species and how co-ordinated their hunting together was is not known. One suggested interpretation of the fossils is also that perhaps the Deinonychus were competing over the carcass rather than all hunting it together. Footprints of some species of deinonychosaur have been found that suggest several animals of the same species travelling in the same direction alongside each other, which could mean at least some social behavior in at least some species.
They likely did not form large, complex, tight-knit packs more characteristic of social mammals.
- The T. rex from Jurassic Park having a particular official and correct name... apparently people get angry about others getting it "wrong" one way or another?
She's referred to as "Rexie" in Jurassic Park: The Game, and I've been told is referred to as "Rexy" in The Evolution of Claire (which I haven't read, so can't confirm or elaborate), and the T. rex from the Jurassic Park novel is also referred to as "Rexy". These may or may not be used as a name, or may or may not be akin to calling a dog a doggy. The T. rex animatronic used in the first Jurassic Park movie was referred to as "Roberta" on set. Many other dinosaur animatronics also got names assigned to them, like the shark animatronic used in another movie Steven Spielberg directed was referred to as "Bruce". So far she's not been called anything but "the T. rex" in any of the movies.
- The JP T. rex having gotten her cool neck scars from fighting The Big One.
Granted, this is never confirmed to not be the case, since it's never confirmed which raptor in each scene The Big One is. I have reason to believe she's not that one, though.
- Claire having outrun the T. rex and whether she should have been able to.
Probably shouldn't have been able to, but she didn't. Claire was running, the T. rex was walking.
- The JP/W dinosaurs all being male or all being female.
Long ago, all of the animals created for Jurassic Park were made to be female, but then everything changed when frog DNA was used to fill the gaps in the genome. But,
a) They didn't all turn male. There would be no point in that since the purpose was for the population to be able to reproduce, and a group of only males can't breed any more than a group of only females can (although there is a way a group of only females can, it just wasn't the way life found in this case). None of the animals that are the only member of their species in their environment would have had reason to become male.
b) They're no longer all female, either, on either island. There are several male dinosaurs featured in the second and third movie. The ratio would probably be about half and half in general, but might vary between species depending on what their reproductive behavior is like. Species that don't form monogamous pairs wouldn't need exactly one male per each female.
c) The situation is less clear with Jurassic World's dinosaurs, which presumably have not been made with frog DNA if the park wants to closely monitor their animals' numbers. The VR game about Blue features a Baryonyx nest with eggs as well as a baby Triceratops that could be young enough to not have been made in a lab before the humans left. A baby Triceratops is also seen in Fallen Kingdom (possibly the same individual), and Battle at Big Rock features a family of Nasutoceratops including male and female adults and a baby. Apparently at least some of the dinosaurs in Jurassic World are male while some are female.
d) Most of the prominently featured individual dinosaurs in the movie series are female. Rexy is a girl. Blue is a girl and so are her sisters. The Indominus rex is a girl. The Spinosaurus as far as I know has not been officially confirmed to be either. The only ones that canonically have been confirmed to be male are... well, the dad T. rex in The Lost World and the Indoraptor prototype. Possibly the baby T. rex, assuming its green colour is a sexually dimorphic trait and that it would have developed that colouring already as an infant. The T. rex that the Spinosaurus kills, if you count that as a prominent individual, is green and used the same animatronic that was used for the male T. rex in The Lost World. Other than those, the dino you're thinking of is likely a lady dino.
- Blue being the Indoraptor prototype's mother.
There's nothing in canon indicating they would be any more related genetically than two dinosaurs of the same species in this franchise in general are, and she obviously didn't raise him, since they were thousands of miles apart during the time that the Indoraptor was any tinier than how we see him in the movie.
Having Blue be captured alive and getting blood samples from her was considered so important because Dr. Wu wanted to make the next batch of Indoraptors they planned to create to be related to Blue and to have her raise them from hatchlings, in hopes that this would cause them to be more trainable than the prototype had grown up to be. Blue, or anyone for that matter, not having been the prototype's mom was what Dr. Wu considered the reason he didn't turn out how he and Mills wanted him to.
It's mentioned very quickly in the movie in an exposition dump of dialogue inbetween more dynamic scenes, and the trailers spoiling a lot but still keeping some things vague ended up ilmplying Blue would be captured to use her DNA to make the Indoraptor seen in the movie (which it turns out is not what actually happens, since the Indoraptor already exists by the time Blue is captured), so I can see where the confusion comes from. Maybe it seems so obvious to me simply because I barely paid attention to there being a second Jurassic World movie before seeing the movie itself, so fandom speculation based on the limited information released in advance didn't have time to turn into assumed-facts for me on that one.
For easier reference, here is the dialogue in question transcribed (emphasis is my addition), for you to read without the distraction of everything else going on at the same time:
Dr. Wu: All your money will have been wasted if I don't get Blue here in good health. To get the next iteration under control, it needs to form a familial bond with a closely-related genetic link.
Dr. Wu: It needs a mother! Blue's DNA will be part of the next Indoraptor's makeup. So it will be genetically coded to recognize her authority and assume her traits. Empathy, obedience... everything the prototype you have now is missing.
I hope that clears that up.
- Acknowledging that raptors were feathered like birds and that birds are dinosaurs being mutually exclusive with liking Jurassic Park.
This Jurassic Park?
Dr. Grant: And look at the half-moon shaped bones in the wrists. It's no wonder these guys learned how to fly. No, seriously. Maybe dinosaurs have more in common with present-day birds than they do with reptiles. Look at the pubic bone, turned backward, just like a bird. Look at the vertebrae, full of air sacs and hollows, like a bird. And even the word "raptor" means "bird of prey".
(Yes, "raptor" doesn't translate into "bird of prey", and that wouldn't prove anything even if it did, but that we've decided to refer to present-day birds of prey and deinonychosaurs with the same word shows it shouldn't be such an outlandish idea to us that they might have been similar animals, I think was the argument he was making here.)
Dr. Grant: We could tear up the rule book on cold-bloodedness. It doesn't apply. They're totally wrong. This is a warm-blooded creature.
Dr. Sattler: This thing doesn't live in a swamp.
Mr. DNA: [The dinosaurs are incubated] in unfertilized emu or ostrich eggs.
John Hammond: They imprint on the first creature they come in contact with.
Dr. Grant: Blood temperature seems like high 80s, maybe.
John Hammond: Wu?
Dr. Wu: Ninety-one.
Dr. Sattler: Homeothermic? It holds that temperature?
Tim: Do you really think dinosaurs turned into birds and that's where they all went?
Dr. Grant: Well, a few species may have evolved along those lines.
Dr. Grant: Look at the wheeling, uniform direction changes. Just like a flock of birds evading a predator.
Dr. Grant: I bet you'll never look at birds the same way again.
Raptor reminding us she's warm-blooded by fogging up the window with her breath.
One of the last shots of the movie is Dr. Grant and Dr. Sattler watching a flock of pelicans through windows of the helicopter as they escape the island, "never looking at birds the same way again".
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